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æóÏøóÊ ØøóÂÆöÝóÉñ ãøöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóæú íõÖöáøõæäóßõãú æóãóÇ íõÖöáøõæäó ÅöáÇøó ÃóäÝõÓóåõãú æóãóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó {69} 69. A group among the people of the Book desire to make you go astray, while they make not astray but themselves, and they are not aware. Commentary: The Arabic term /ta'ifah/ is derived from /tawaf/ and is applied for a group or a community who, in order to be safe from the danger of savage animals and robbers, decamp tribally both in summer and in winter to continue their lives,
The feature of cultural attack and ideological plots are dealt with in this verse and the following three verses. In this verse, it informs of ideological grudges. In the next verse the Quran informs of obstinacy and infidelity. The seventy first verse of the current Sura speaks about the style of neglecting aright, overlooking justice, and intentional concealment. Verse seventy second informs of a technical cultural attack arising from inner denial and objecting the existence of weakness and instability among some groups of people. Explanations: 1- Knowing the enemy and his wants is necessary for being safe from the probable harms. 2- Those who try to pervert others may commit the sin of deceit, hypocrisy, rancour accusation, and plot.
"... While they make not astray but themselves, and they are not aware."
3- One of the aims of the enemies of Islam is planning for the creation of moral and ideological deviation amongst Muslims. 4- In Judgements, do not forget justice and equity.
"A group among the people of the Book desire to make you go astray ..."
5. The danger of ideological and cultural attacks are the most important dangers which need an earnest awareness. 6. Do not trust in the hypocritical expressions of the opponents. They heartily desire your aberration. ******************
íóÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áöãó ÊóßúÝõÑõæäó ÈöÂíóÇÊö Çááøåö æóÃóäÊõãú ÊóÔúåóÏõæäó {70}
70. "O' People of the Book! Why do you disbelieve in the Signs of Allah while you bear witness (to their truth)? " Commentary: This verse, maybe, hints to the glad news that the people of the Book had studied in the Torah and the Evangel about Hadrat Muhammad (s). They did know the Prophet of Islam (s) as they knew their own children. But, they denied all those divine tokens in order to keep their social situation and protect their material interests. So, the Qur'an says:
"O' People of the Book! Why do you disbelieve in the Signs of Allah while you bear witness (to their truth)? " ********************
íóÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áöãó ÊóáúÈöÓõæäó ÇáúÍóÞøó ÈöÇáúÈóÇØöáö æóÊóßúÊõãõæäó ÇáúÍóÞøó æóÃóäÊõãú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó {71}
71. "O' People of the Book! Why do you confound the Truth with falsehood and hide the Truth while you know (it)?" Commentary: Many of the distorters, under the name of Islamicists, orientalists, historians, and tourists, interfered in books, places, times, and human beings and distorted them. They worked on encyclopaedias with the title of researchers and illustrated such a feature for Islam that when the seekers of Islam study them feel the circumstance so inconvenient that they do not even think of believing in it either.
"O' People of the Book! Why do you confound the Truth with falsehood and hide the Truth while you know (it)? " ******************
æóÞóÇáóÊ ØøóÂÆöÝóÉñ ãøöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÂãöäõæÇú ÈöÇáøóÐöíó ÃõäÒöáó Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇú æóÌúåó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö æóÇßúÝõÑõæÇú ÂÎöÑóåõ áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÑúÌöÚõæäó {72}
72. "And a group of the People of the Book said: 'Believe in what has been sent down to those who believe, at the opening of the day, and disbelieve at the end of it, perhaps (by this device) they return (from Islam)."
Commentary: In the explanation of the occasion of revelation of this verse, it is said as follows. Once at the time of the Prophet (s), twelve scholars from Jewish people, in order to create a state of agitation and doubtfulness among the Muslim believers, decided to come to meet Prophet Muhammad (s) in the morning and express their belief in Islam, but on the same day in the evening they would turn their backs to Islam and say that they met Muhammad (s) but he was not the same as the Torah and Evangel had explained.
By this skilful plan, they wanted to show off the common people that if Islam were a good creed and the former religions confirmed it; the scholars of the People of the Book would not desist from it. Applying this manner, they could create both doubtfulness among Muslims and prevent other Jews to embrace Islam. But, by revealing this verse, the Lord made their plan manifest to all, saying:
"And a group of the People of the Book said: 'Believe in what has been sent down to those who believe, at the opening of the day, and disbelieve at the end of it, perhaps (by this device) they return (from Islam)."
Explanations: 1. It is possible that sometimes some individuals penetrate into the lines of Muslims and stab from behind, so we ought to be aware. 2. Muslims must not be simple-minded and credulous. 3. We must set our faith so firm that the return of several individuals does not affect our hearts. 4. In the foreign policy, the motive of holding communication, or ceasing it, is often to bring some special conditions both inside and outside the country. 5. It usually happens that, in sensitive stages, Allah divulges the secrets and plans of His enemies. *********************
æóáÇó ÊõÄúãöäõæÇú ÅöáÇøó áöãóä ÊóÈöÚó Ïöíäóßõãú Þõáú Åöäøó ÇáúåõÏóì åõÏóì Çááøåö Ãóä íõÄúÊóì ÃóÍóÏñ ãøöËúáó ãóÇ ÃõæÊöíÊõãú Ãóæú íõÍóÂÌøõæßõãú ÚöäÏó ÑóÈøößõãú Þõáú Åöäøó ÇáúÝóÖúáó ÈöíóÏö Çááøåö íõÄúÊöíåö ãóä íóÔóÇÁ æóÇááøåõ æóÇÓöÚñ Úóáöíãñ {73}
73. "And do not believe save in one who follows your religion. say: "Verily the (true) guidance is Allah's guidance -that a person may be given the like of what you have been given; or they would dispute with you in the presence of your Lord '. Say: 'Verily grace is in the hand of Allah. He endows it with whom He pleases, and Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing'. "
Commentary: The People of the Book had some recommendations to enjoin each other. Their first recommendation was:
"And do not believe save in one who follows your religion..."
The Divine revelation tells the Prophet (s) that in answer to them:
"... say: "Verily the true guidance is Allah's guidance..."
That is, the true guidance is not confined to your religion, therefore, your prejudice is in vain. Their second recommendation was that: never believe:
"... that a person may be given the like of what you have been given..."
Hence, the prophet hood must be in the Children of Israel, not amongst Arab-
"... or they would dispute with you in the presence of your Lord '... "
So, you have the best logic and never believe that it be with others. Then, the Lord addresses the Prophet (s) thus: "Say: 'Verily grace is in the hand of Allah, He endows it with whom He pleases..."
And it is not confined to any race or a particular sect.
"... and Allah is All-Embracing, All-knowing'." Explanations: 1. In their plots, the enemies of Islam recommend to concealment. They also have no trust to anyone other than themselves. 2. The grace of Allah is not restricted to a particular group. 3. Prejudice is forbidden. ********************
íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÑóÍúãóÊöåö ãóä íóÔóÇÁ æóÇááøåõ Ðõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö {74}
Commentary: To consider that Allah endows His grace and mercy to no sect like that which He gave to the Jewish sect, is not more than a mere imagination. Allah knows well to whom He gives the charge of prophet hood. He chooses the most efficient person among his servants and bestows His special grace upon him, because Allah's Grace is vast and His Wisdom is the elector.
"He specializes for His mercy whom He pleases, and Allah is the Lord of Mighty Grace." *****************
æóãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóäú Åöä ÊóÃúãóäúåõ ÈöÞöäØóÇÑò íõÄóÏøöåö Åöáóíúßó æóãöäúåõã ãøóäú Åöä ÊóÃúãóäúåõ ÈöÏöíäóÇÑò áÇøó íõÄóÏøöåö Åöáóíúßó ÅöáÇøó ãóÇ ÏõãúÊó Úóáóíúåö ÞóÂÆöãðÇ Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇú áóíúÓó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÃõãøöíøöíäó ÓóÈöíáñ æóíóÞõæáõæäó Úóáóì Çááøåö ÇáúßóÐöÈó æóåõãú íóÚúáóãõæäó {75}
75. "And among the People of the Book is he who, if you entrust him with a heap of wealth, he will return it to you; and among them is he who, if you entrust him with a dinar, he will not return it to you unless you keep standing firmly upon him (demanding it). This is because they say: 'There is not any responsibility upon us for the gentile, and they tell a lie against Allah while they know (it)." Commentary: The moral values usually resist. Honesty is always good and treachery, to anyone, is always disgraceful.
"And among the People of the Book is he who, if you entrust him with a heap of wealth, he will return it to you;
The justification of sin is graver than the sin itself.
"...and among them is he who, if you entrust him with a dinar, he will not return it to you unless you keep standing firmly upon him (demanding it). This is because they say: 'There is not any responsibility upon us for the gentile ..."
They devoured the wealth of people unlawfully and said Allah was content with it.
"... and they tell a lie against Allah while they know (it)." ******************
Èóáóì ãóäú ÃóæúÝóì ÈöÚóåúÏöåö æóÇÊøóÞóì ÝóÅöäøó Çááøåó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó {76}
76. "Yes, whoever fulfils his promise and guards (against evil) -then, verily Allah loves the pious ones." Commentary: The command in this verse is: to stand firm and be steadfast before wrong ideas. By the way, to keep one's word and fulfil the promise with virtue is the main cause to call the love of Allah, not only being the People of the Book with a bare pretension.
"Yes, whoever fulfils his promise and guards (against evil) -then, verily Allah loves the pious ones." ***********************
Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÔúÊóÑõæäó ÈöÚóåúÏö Çááøåö æóÃóíúãóÇäöåöãú ËóãóäðÇ ÞóáöíáÇð ÃõæúáóÜÆößó áÇó ÎóáÇóÞó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÂÎöÑóÉö æóáÇó íõßóáøöãõåõãõ Çááøåõ æóáÇó íóäÙõÑõ Åöáóíúåöãú íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æóáÇó íõÒóßøöíåöãú æóáóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ {77}
77. "Verily those who sea Allah's covenant, and their oaths, for a little price, these! there will be no share for them in the Hereafter, and Allah will not speak to them, nor will He look towards them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He make them grow (by purifying of sin), and they will have a painful chastisement." Commentary: Allah threatens, of course, those who breach their promise to following five kinds of divine wrath and deprivation from the grace of Allah. 1. The lack of any merit in the Hereafter. 2. The deprivation from the speech of Allah. 3. The deprivation from the grace of Allah. 4. The deprivation of purity from sin. 5. To be involved in the painful punishment of Allah.
"Verily those who sea Allah's covenant, and their oaths, for a little price, these! there will be no share for them in the Hereafter, and Allah will not speak to them, nor will He look towards them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He make them grow (by purifying of sin), and they will have a painful chastisement. "
In the Islamic literature, it is narrated that the Messenger of Allah (s) has said:
"The person who does not observe trustworthiness, is faithless; and the person who does not fulfil his promise, has no religion." [34]
************************* Notes: [34] Naraqi Commentary, vol. 3; p. 192
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