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Bismihi ta'ala

The mustahab days to fast are:

- The holy month of Rajab, if not the whole month, the first three days, mid three days (13, 14 & 15) and last three days.

- The holy month of Sha'baan [as above]. 

- Three days of any month, and the best way to do this is the first and last thursday of the lunhar month, and the mid Wednesday of the month (first wednesday from the second ten days of the month)

- Ayam al-Beidh of every month (13th, 14th and 15th). 

- Monday and Thursday of every week.

- Ma'bath Day (27th Rajab)

- Birthday of the Prophet (s.a.w.) (17th Rabi' al-Awwal)

- Six days after Eid al-Fitr (2nd - 7th Shawwal)

- Dahu al-Ardh Day (25th Dhil-Qi'dah)

- Arafah Day (9th Dhul-Hijjah)

- Ghadir Day (18th Dhul-Hijjah)

- Mubahalah Day (24th Dhul-Hijjah)

- Nawruz Day.

And Allah knows best

You must do Qadha and also do the Kaffara of deliberately breaking the fast which is either fasting two months continuously or feeding sixty poor believers for every day of broken fast. You also need to seek forgiveness for that sin.

Wassalam.

Taharah is a real condition شرط واقعي in Prayers and fasting. Any worship which requires Purity (Taharah) is invalid if it was done with out purity.

If you could not learn basic rules of Ghusl and never been informed that Ghusl is obligatory in certain cases, which is very rare now a days, then the rule is different. But if you knew about Ghusl and it becomes obligatory in certain situations, and you did not know that it applies on you, and you fasted with out Ghusl, then you need to perform the obligatory Ghusl then perform every worship which was performed with out Ghusl.

You can read the verdict of Ayatullah Sustani as follows:

Ruling 1593. If a junub in the month of Ramadan forgets to perform ghusl and remembers after one day, he must keep a qaḍāʾ fast for that day; and if he remembers after a few days, he must keep a qaḍāʾ fast for all the days that he is certain to have been junub on. For example, if he does not know whether he was junub for three or four days, he must keep qaḍāʾ fasts for three days.

Wassalam.

Bismihi ta'ala

If you did not know, and you did not have the ability to educate yourself about these things, then your fasting is valid. Otherwise, you will need to do qadha. 

ِAnd Allah knows best