Bismillah, 

Asalamu alaykom,

I can understand dear brother or sister how much of a challenge it can be for someone to do salah in a non-Islamic  work place. Some managers do not understand the importance of Salah for Muslims and may only permit for one to do it on their break. This can be problematic since the break period could be before the salah starts, or at a time when the salah could be qada. 

Usually though around this time in the summer, one has a lot of time to pray zuhr and. Asr. Of course it is better to pray them on time however not all circumstances may permit that. Let us say for example zuhr time is at 1:00pm but you could only pray it at 4pm. As long as maghrib time hasn’t set in, you would be still be able to do the salah within an acceptable time period. 

In many work places people go for cigarette or toilet breaks so if these were permitted but not a short prayer break, it could possibly be discrimination. How could one have a right to smoke for 5 -10 minutes yet a Muslim isn’t able to pray within a similar time period?! 

If one had very extreme circumstances where they had no other way, it is also possible one could pray in a bathroom if they had tahir mat. This is however makruh meaning the salah would have less reward. I do know of some cases where some were forced to perform salah in a staff bathroom which had a lock on the door. This way they could perform their salah without it being qada and without being prevented. 

You should try to speak to your non-Muslim colleague or manager and inshallah a flexible arrangement can be agreed on. 

Some ulema state that one must leave the job which would prevent them from doing Salah and must pick a job in which they are able to do salah. 

It should be noted that it isn’t permissible to purposely delay salah past qada time, so you cannot just pray them qada the next day instead within the set time.

May Allah grant you success