
The text analyzes in details the political-religious place of Imam Ali in Islam, his spiritual relationship to the Prophet Muhammad and his contribution in establishing the Islamic State and the spread of the Faith of Islam; it discusses him as a Caliph and as a statesman, and also what was said about his policy and statesmanship and the causes which led to the accumulations of the difficulties which prevented him from reaching a peaceful and more lasting rule during the days of his caliphate. Finally the book discusses the caliphate as a religious-political system and the kind of caliphate which is consonant with the nature of the Islamic message.
- The Brother of the Prophet Muhammad: Imam ‘Ali
- Distinguished Benefactors
- Acknowledgments
- About The Author
- Introduction
- Part 1: The Imam During The Era Of The Prophethood
- 1. The House of the Prophet Muhammad
- 2. Members of the House of Muhammad
- 3. The Indispensable People
- 4. The First Muslims
- 5. Brother and Minister
- 6. The Redeemer
- 7. ’Ali's Role in Building the Islamic State
- 8. At Badr
- 9. At Uhud
- 10. The Moat
- 11. At Kheibar
- 12. Announced Brotherhood
- 13.’Ali's Place from the Prophet in the Qur'an
- 14. The Mawla of the Muslims
- 15. Unfulfilled Will of the Prophet
- The Prophet Was Prevented From Writing A Will
- This Unusual Event Raises Many Questions
- What did the Prophet Want to Write?
- The Prophet Wanted to Name a Successor
- How could he defy the Prophet?
- Why did the Prophet not insist on Writing his Directive?
- How could the directive of the messenger be a security to the nation against straying?
- Security Against Sectarianism
- Security Against School Division
- Part 2: The Imam During The Era Of The Three Caliphs
- 16. Abu Bakr Succeeds
- ‘Umar Denied the Prophet's Death
- Abu Bakr's Speech
- Preoccupied With Holy Funeral
- Political Conference
- ‘Umar Spoke of the Conference
- Legal And Historical Questions
- Ayeshah Reported the Opposite
- Obvious Prejudice
- The Story of Maghafeer
- ‘Umar Considered the Election as "Faltah"
- ‘Umar's Last Statement
- Did the messenger of god desire to appoint abu bakr as his successor?
- Was the Election Of Abu Bakr Legal?
- The Prophet's Appointee
- Quraish And The Caliphate
- Was the Prophet Predicting?
- Is the Qureshite Rule Hereditary?
- Are the Qureshites Superior?
- Were the Men Chosen Only for their Righteousness?
- Qureshites and Election Are Irreconcilable
- 17.’Ali Views the Succession
- 18. Abu Bakr Names a Successor
- 19. ‘Umar Succeeds
- ‘Umar and ‘Ali's Knowledge
- Dialogues About The Caliphate
- The Dimensions Of ‘Umar's Policy
- Pre-Arranged The Future Of The Muslims
- Undesirable Consequences
- Subversive Elements In The Caliph's Regime
- Ibn Al-Aws
- The Umayyads In
- The Hashimites Out
- The Umayyad's Reign Was Not Inevitable
- What the Prophetic Word Meant
- 20. The Electoral Convention
- Six Nominees
- Procedural Instructions
- Abdul-Rahman Selected Uthman
- Observations
- Is the Hadith Accurate?
- Could a Non-Qureshite be a Caliph?
- The Medinite Companions Out
- Abdullah Ibn ‘Umar
- Does Islam Forbid Opposition?
- Unheeded Warning
- The Unwarranted Stipulation
- A Justification by Hadith
- ‘Ali's Unique Dedication
- True Prophecies
- Motives And Consequences
- A New Class
- The Lost Opportunity
- 21. Uthman’s Reign
- Non-Combatant
- A Bridging Personality
- Early Opposition
- Implementation Of The Umayyad's Plan
- Muawiya and Syria
- Ibn Abu Sarh In Egypt
- The Third Caliph And His Two Predecessors
- ‘Umar and Abu Hurairah
- The Growth Of Opposition
- Amr Ibn Al-Aws
- Opposition From Non-Qureshite Companions
- Opposition Outside Medina
- Now People Remembered ‘Ali
- The Caliph Is Besieged
- And So the Medinites
- 16. Abu Bakr Succeeds
- Part 3: Imam ‘Ali In His Own Era
- 22. The Election of the Imam ‘Ali
- A Drafted Caliph
- A Gloomy Expectation
- Unachievable Goals
- Quraish's Hostility
- The Privileged Companions
- The Promoted Companions
- The Umayyads
- Tribalism
- The Absence of the Military Draft System
- Blood and Tears
- An Early Opposition
- Sudden Reversal
- Campaigning for War at the Sacred Mosque
- A Preparation for War Under Way
- The Two Companions Joined
- The Umayyads Were Still to Be Reckoned with
- Rassrah the Chosen Target
- United Only Against the Imam
- Were Talhah and al-Zubayr forced to elect the imam?
- The Imam Did Not Force Any Companion to Elect Him
- The Imam Could Not Force His First Elector
- The Imam Refuted the Allegation
- The Guilty Accused the Innocent
- 23. The Battle of Basra
- A Sweeping Condemnation
- A Warning Prophecy Not Heeded
- Dividing Killing and Truce
- The Contents of the Truce Agreement
- Forcing Two Persons Does Not Nullify the Election
- Illegal Agreement
- The Imam's Journey
- Unprecedented Test
- Abu Musa Al-Ashari
- The Imam's Effort for Peace
- Al-Zubayr Lost Determination
- The Imam in Dialogue with His Opponents
- Reminiscence of a Prophecy
- The Imam Offered the Arbitration of the Qur'an
- The Beginning of The Battle
- The Imam Knew His Killer's Description
- Talhah's Death
- Al-Zubayr Left the Battlefield
- Under the Leadership of Ayeshah
- The Unique Courage
- Ta-if's Honey
- The Imam's Thrust Changed the Battle
- Ammar the Ninety- Year-Old
- Hamstringing the Camel
- The Imam Spoke
- The Responsibility of The Three Leaders
- Dialogue of Om Selemah and Ayeshah
- The Lady of Al-Hau-ab
- The Patcher of the Sole
- Conclusion
- Should We Accept Their Hadiths?
- Criticism is Much Smaller Sin Than Fighting
- The Three Leaders Open the Door of Wars Among Muslims
- 24. The Alleged Conspiracy
- 25. The Battle of Siffin
- 26. Al-Khawarij (The Seceders)
- 27. Martyrdom
- 28. The Imam's Policy Concerning Public Funds
- 29. Was the War of Siffin Inevitable?
- 30. Did the Imam Exercise His Rule as a Preacher?
- A Winner of Three Wars Is Not Unfirm
- Why Did He Not Force Some Companions to Elect Him?
- Why Did the Imam Not Prevent Talhah and Al-Zubayr from Leaving Medina?
- Why Did He Not Continue the War in Siffin?
- Why Did He Not Punish Ashaath?
- Why did the imam bind himself with a document which was forced upon him?
- Why Did the Imam Prolong the Period of Arbitration?
- 31. Why did the reign of the Imam not last long?
- Ali did not have the two elements
- The Jealousy of Quraish
- Quraish Retains its Influence and Grudges
- Unwritten Will
- The Alternation of the Caliphate
- The Attitude of the Two Caliphs Towards ‘Ali
- The Growth Of The Qureshite Influence And The Obscurity Of The Imam
- The Obscurity of the Imam
- The Umayyads Infiltrated the Regime
- The Continuity of Muawiya and His Governorship
- The Electoral Convention Put The Caliphate In The Hands Of The Umayyads
- The Iron Curtain
- Tribalism
- New Competitors
- The Last Opportunity
- The Caliphate Was Imposed Upon Him
- Qureshite Hostile or Deserter?
- The Qureshite Aggressors
- The Righteous Ambitious Qureshites
- Conclusions
- Remarkable Achievements
- Muawiya's Inefficiency
- Responsibility of the Non-Iraqi Muslims
- Why Did the Caliphate Not Live Long?
- Observation
- 22. The Election of the Imam ‘Ali
- Part 4: The Caliphate in The Islamic Law
- 32. Should the First Caliphate Have Been Established by Inheritance Popular Election or by the Prophet's Selection?
- Islam Has No Room for Hereditary Rule
- Government by the Prophet's Appointment
- Elective Government
- Elective Government Is to Abide by the Qur'an
- The nature of the islamic principles Is consonant with selection More than with election
- Popular Principles
- Reformatory Principles
- Islamic Principles Are Reformatory
- Two Days Out of a whole Year
- The Dangers Which Were About To Face The Nation
- The Prophet Predicted Companions'Failure in Test
- The Need for an Authority in Interpretation of the Qur'an and Communication of the Prophet's Instructions
- Interpretation of the Qur'an
- Categories of Hadiths
- Hadith by Numerous Reporters
- Hadith Reported by Few
- 33. Had What Ought to Be Done Been Done?
- 34. The Home Conference
- 35. The Hadith of the Analogy "You Are to Me Like Aaron to Moses"
- 36. The Hadith of Performance and Delivery
- 37. Hadith Al-Thaqalain (The Two Valuables)
- 38. The Hadith of the Wilayah
- 32. Should the First Caliphate Have Been Established by Inheritance Popular Election or by the Prophet's Selection?
- The Conclusion
- Unity Does Not Require Conformity
- Let Us Find Our Way
- Abu Bakr and the rest of the companions were neither Hanafi nor Maliki nor Shafi-i or Hanbali
- Agreeable Points
- The Shi’ite Companions Of The Prophet
- Legitimacy and Negative Aspects Of Elective Caliphate
- The House of The Prophet Is To Be Followed
- Unjustifiable Bias
- My Humble Effort
- Glossary
- Bibliography