Dedication
I dedicate this work primarily to the great personality of Imam Ali ibn Abu Talib (p), teacher, scholar, reformer, spiritual guide, moralist, jurist, administrator, ruler, military commander, friend of the poor and downtrodden, and much more. My father, the Late Dr. Syed Akhtar Ahmed, had done deep study of the book Nahjul Balagha or Peak of Eloquence. He was instrumental in drawing my attention to this valuable work at an early age.
“By God, even if I am given all the domain of the Heavens, with all that exists under the skies, in order to disobey God to the extent of snatching one grain of barley from an ant, I will not do it. For me all (the riches of) the world are (worth) less than the leaf in the mouth of a locust that it is chewing.” [Imam Ali (p) in Nahjul Balagha, Sermon 222]
- What is True Success? Excerpts from Peak of Eloquence (Nahjul Balagha)
- Tributes to Imam Ali (peace be upon him) by Scholars and Historians
- A Glimpse at Some of the Wise Sayings of Ali bin Abu Talib (p)
- Dedication
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations
- Editor’s Note
- The source of knowledge of Ali bin Abu Talib (p)
- 1. To Know God
- Concept of God, His Oneness and His Divine Attributes
- Introduction
- His Praising and Glorifying God
- His Advice to the People to Praise and Thank God
- Oneness and Uniqueness of God
- Divinely Revealed Attributes of God
- About His Might, Greatness, Sublimity, and Omniscience
- About God’s Knowledge
- God Did Not Give Birth to a Son, nor was He Born of Anyone
- God Will Bring an End to This World, and Then Resurrect as He Wills
- God’s Mercy, Forgiveness, and Bounties
- About God’s Eternity
- God’s Bounties and Blessings
- The Creation of Heaven, Earth, and Creation of Adam
- Introduction
- The Creation of the Universe
- Greatness of God; the Creation of the Universe
- More on the Creation of the Universe
- About Creation
- The Magnificence of Creation
- About the Perfection in Creation
- A Description of the Creation of Adam
- Creation of Man (continued)
- More on Man’s Creation
- On the Creation of the First Man and the Deputation of the Prophets
- About Those who are Misguided
- About the Creation of the Ant
- About the Creation of the Bat
- About the Creation of the Peacock and Creation of Birds
- A Description of the Locust
- Concept of God, His Oneness and His Divine Attributes
- 2. To Live A God-Conscious Life
- Advice for Successful Life to His Son
- Introduction
- Importance of God-Consciousness
- How to Pray to God for Your Needs
- Virtues of Patience
- Life of This World
- The Fate of Humankind
- Defend the Cause of God
- Your Dealings with Others
- Vanity is a Folly that Brings Harm
- Give While You Can
- Importance of Self-Respect
- Greed Leads to Destruction
- Treat Your Family Well
- Deal with Your Enemy with Consideration
- How to Deal with Oppression
- Pearls of Wisdom and Guidance to His Son
- Concluding Remarks in the Letter
- Justice, Injustice, and Oppression
- God is Just to His Subjects
- God is Too Exalted to Be Unjust
- God’s Justice is for Both the Rich and the Poor
- Justice in Distribution of Shares from Public Treasury
- Imam Ali’s Exhortation to Avoid Vanity, to Take Pride in Being Just, and to Perform Good Deeds
- About the People who Remember (Praise) God, Practice Justice, and Invite Others to Do the Same
- His Instructions to His Soldiers Not to Initiate Fighting
- His Prayer When Faced with the Enemy
- His Advice to a Government Official
- Part of a Letter Advising His Governors
- His Advice to the Tax Collectors
- One of His Sayings
- Injustice and Oppression
- Rights of Others
- Kindness, Courtesy, Good Behaviour towards Kin
- Virtue, Abstinence, and Qualities of a Believer
- God-Consciousness
- Introduction
- Characteristics of a God-Conscious Person
- Enjoining God-consciousness
- An Example of Tribulations
- An Example of Changing Fortunes
- As for Its (Bitter) Lessons
- An Account of People of the Past and Learning from Their Lives
- Importance of Being God-Conscious
- Advice to Practice God-consciousness and Caution Against the Love of this World
- His Description of a Pious Person
- Benefits to the God-Conscious
- Individuals Whom Neither Merchandise nor Any Sale Diverts from Remembrance of God
- Advice for Successful Life to His Son
- 3. To Connect with God Through Supplication
- 4. To Obtain True Knowledge
- His Discourses on Knowledge
- Introduction
- An Ignorant Scholar
- About the Duties of an Imam (Leader)
- Knowledge of Angels
- Knowledge about God
- Faith Increases Knowledge
- Knowledge in the Qur’an
- More on Knowledge in the Qur’an
- The Qur’an Contains Oceans of Knowledge
- Knowledge about the Rights of God
- Satan Seduces the Learned
- Knowledge of the (Chosen) Members of the Family of the Prophet (s)
- More about Knowledge of the Family of the Prophet (s)
- The Best Knowledge
- We will be Tested According to Our Knowledge
- Knowledge is a Sign of Distinction
- Superficial Knowledge
- Advice to Ponder over Knowledge
- Thinking Deeply
- Knowledge Commands Respect
- People “Live” by Virtue of Their Knowledge after Death
- Knowledge is Power
- Wisdom and Knowledge
- Knowledge is Better than Wealth
- About Knowledge (His Advice to a Companion)
- His Discourses on Knowledge
- 5. To Avoid Worldly Pitfalls
- 6. To Seek Sound Advice
- His Counsel and Preaching, Keys to Success
- Introduction
- His Caution about This World
- His Counsel
- His Admonition
- Support of the Oppressed
- Advice against Corruption and Oppression
- His Advice Against Heedlessness
- Fate of an Oppressive Leader
- Fulfilling the Rights of Others
- Caution against the Deception of this World
- His Advice to Be Obedient to God
- About Verbal Abuse of One’s Enemies
- About Self-Deception, Neglect, and Ignorance
- A Man in the Audience Requested Imam Ali to Preach about Leading a Sober Life
- His Advice (Will) to His Sons
- The Wonderful Human Brain
- The World is a Place to Earn Rewards in the afterlife
- Keys to Success
- Advice to His Son
- His Advice to His Uncle
- His Counsel and Preaching, Keys to Success
- 7. To Govern Justly
- Letter to Maalik-al-Ashtar, the New Governor of Egypt
- Introduction
- Use Mercy and Compassion in Dealing with Your Subjects
- Oppression Invokes God’s Wrath
- The poor and Less Privileged are Strong in Faith
- Deal with All using Justice
- Different Classes of People in the Society
- Choosing the Commander-in-Chief of the Army
- His Concluding Advice
- His Concluding Remarks
- Advice to Governors and Public Officials
- Introduction
- Mutual Rights of the Ruler23 and the Subjects:
- About the Qualities of a Ruler
- Letter to a High Official
- Letter to the Judge of a Province
- Instructions to a Newly Appointed Young Governor of Egypt
- Letter to the Governor of Basra in Iraq
- Letter to a Companion
- Letter to a High Government Official
- Letter to a Corrupt Official
- Instructions to the Governor of a Province with Disloyal People
- Instruction to an Official Dealing with Dissenters
- His Instructions to Army Officers
- His Fiscal Policies, Instructions to Tax Collectors
- Letter to Maalik-al-Ashtar, the New Governor of Egypt
- 8. To Prepare for the Permanent Abode (Afterlife)
- Life of This World, the Hereafter, and Death
- Introduction
- Transient Nature of This World
- Admonishing a Certain Group of People
- Lowliness of this World
- About the Fall and Destruction of this World
- About the World and Worldly People
- Various Types of People in the World and about the World’s Lowliness
- Reason for Our Creation
- Advice on Abstinence (from Indulging in Luxuries) and about the Changing Times
- Cautioning Against the World’s Deceptions
- Beware of the Trap
- About How This World Treats Those Who are Attached to It
- About Collecting Provision for the Next World
- Death and Resurrection
- Spiritual Aspects of Death and Preparation for the Day of Judgment
- The Lesson to Learn from Those Who Have Passed Away
- Learn from Those Who Have Already Passed Away
- About the Angel of Death
- About the Dead and Their Condition in the Graves
- About Paradise
- Life of This World, the Hereafter, and Death
- 9. Ali’s Discourses on Other Topics
- About Prophet Muhammad (s)
- Introduction
- God Chooses His Prophets
- About the Prophethood of Muhammad (s)
- His Invocation of Blessings on Prophet Muhammad (s)
- About His Mission
- Eulogy of Prophet Muhammad (s)
- The Prophet’s Low Regard for the Material World
- He Was the Final Prophet
- The Prophet Came to Dissuade People from Idol Worship
- Muhammad (s) is an Example to Follow
- A Bright Light and a Clear Argument
- The Prophet Brought Honor to the People
- Through the Prophet, God United the People of Arabia
- The Noble Lineage of the Prophet (s)
- About Other Prophets
- Imam Ali (p) About Himself
- Introduction
- Imam Ali (p) Explains His Position
- The Scope of His Knowledge
- His Prophecy about the Future
- About His Knowledge
- About His Status and His Contributions to Islam
- His Reliance upon God
- About His Forbearance
- His Austere Lifestyle and Abstinence from the World’s Allurements
- When a Man Offered Him a Gift
- His Sermon Shortly Before His Death
- Advice to His Family Before Dying
- A Statement of the Prophet (s) to Imam Ali (p)
- About the Family of Muhammad (s)
- Introduction
- About the (Chosen) Members of the Family of the Prophet
- About the Descendants of the Prophet (s)
- To Follow in the Footsteps of the Family of the Prophet (s)
- About the Greatness of the Members of the Prophet’s Family
- Prophet’s Family Members Endowed with Knowledge
- Imam Ali (p) Responding to Those Who Challenged His Status and Authority
- They Speak the Truth and are Treasurers of God
- About the Knowledge of the Family of the Prophet
- The Knower of the Rights of the Prophet and His Family
- About Islam
- About the Qur’an
- Introduction
- The Contents of the Qur’an
- God Says in the Qur’an
- The Qur’an is Free of any Discrepancies
- The Apparent and the Hidden in the Qur’an
- The Qur’an, a Fair Discourse
- Qur’an is a “House with Sturdy Pillars”
- Qur’an is a “Lamp”
- Qur’an is a “Strong Rope”
- Qur’an Contains Knowledge of the Future
- Qur’an is an Advisor
- Qur’an is Proof of God
- Qur’an is the Quencher of Thirst for the Seeker of Knowledge
- K‘aba (the House of God) and the Hajj Pilgrimage
- Islamic Ritual Prayers (Salaat)
- About Satan
- About Divisiveness
- About Faith, Disbelief, and Doubt
- Miscellaneous Topics
- About Prophet Muhammad (s)
- 10. His Selected Sayings Replete with Wisdom and Guidance
- Appendix A: A Short Biography of Imam Ali (p)
- Appendix B: Statements of Prominent Scholars and Historians Regarding Imam Ali (p)
- Appendix C: A Word about the Compiler of Nahjul Balagha
- Appendix D: Names of Prophets and other terms in the Qur’an (Arabic) with corresponding names in the Bible (English)
- Appendix E: Sermon Numbers quoted in this Book
- Appendix F: The Letter numbers quoted in this book
- Appendix G
- Glossary
- References
- Suggested Reading