Animals

Muslims do not currently agree in their views on the theory of evolution. Some reject it entirely; some accept it in part (evolution for everything except the creation of Adam); and some accept it entirely. In the latter two cases, evolution is seen as being part of the divine plan.

There are some things in the Qur'an that would seem to concord with some basic ideas of the theory of evolution, such as the statement that Allah created all living things from water; while at the same time, there is no requirement that these things necessitate accepting the theory of evolution, and they can be understood otherwise.

Some of the objection to the theory of evolution in prior decades was due not only to a belief in creationism, but also because the theory of evolution was associated with the West, and so imposing the theory was perceived as a sort of cultural attack. This is less of a concern today as the theory of evolution has become more commonplace.

There is, in any case, no reason in the Qur'an to reject the idea that, regardless of how they were initially created, plants and animals have evolved over time.

If they are Americans, ask them what they do on Thanksgiving. If they are English, ask them what they eat at Christmas. And so on. Most cultures have some sort of feast where they eat some kind of meat or animal product, and oftentimes those feasts are associated with religious commemorations.

(Apart from the vegetarians of course!)

Usually people see their own cultural practices as normal and other religious or cultural practices as cruel. 

It is not the people who are suffering from malnutrition or poverty who are saying that it is cruel to sacrifice an animal and share the meat with people who are deprived. The sacrifice is not just to kill the animal and destroy it for the sake of killing or feeding an idol, but rather it is intended to go to good use.

As the Qur'an says, it is not the flesh or the blood of the animal that reaches Allah, but rather it is the piety. In the book 'Ilal al-Shara'i', it is also related that the Prophet (S) said: "This sacrificial offering of the slaughter animal has indeed been established [as part of the pilgrimage rituals] so that your poor may be able to partake of meat, so feed them [with it]."

And, are the people who are criticizing this eating meat? If they are, there is no more discussion to be had. Even if they don't meat, do they have access to a variety of food or nutritional supplements so that they don't suffer from not eating animal products?

Perhaps if the people who are criticizing this spend a year in a situation where they have very limited types of food and are in need of basic protein and nutrition, they would appreciate the gift of meat more. (Especially currently as the world is facing food shortages.)

Similarly, before modern methods of food production, storage, and transportation, which allows for a variety of food, many people relied on having some meat to get proper nutrition, and this was not considered cruel. 

However, it is of course good to look after matters such as the kind treatment of animals, human and sensitive slaughter, and not wasting the meat at hajj, since it was the Sunnah of the Prophet (S) to be kind to animals. These are modern issues that the world is facing due to large numbers of people and the industrialization of animal raising, that are not related to or limited to Islam or Eid al-Adha specifically, but which still should be taken into consideration on a practical level.